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The energy-free purification of trace thallium(I)-contaminated potable water using a high-selective filter

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2379-8

摘要： Thallium is a highly toxic metal, and trace amount of thallium(I) (Tl⁺) in potable water could cause a severe water crisis, which arouses the exploitation of highly-effective technology for purification of Tl⁺ contaminated water. This report proposes the multi-layered Prussian blue (PB)-decorated composite membranes (PB_x@PDA/PEI-FP) based on the aminated filter papers for Tl⁺ uptake. Extensively characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer-attenuated total reflectance, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were performed to confirm the in situ growth of cubic PB crystals on filter paper membrane surfaces via the aminated layers, and the successful fabrication of multi-layered PB overcoats via the increasing of aminated layers. The effect of PB layers on Tl⁺ removal by PB_x@PDA/PEI-FP from simulated drinking water was evaluated as well as the influence of different experimental conditions. A trade-off between PB decoration layer number and PB distribution sizes is existed in Tl⁺ uptake by PB_x@PDA/PEI-FP. The double-layered PB₂@PDA/PEI-FP membrane showed the maximum sorption capacity, but its Tl⁺ uptake performance was weakened by the acid, coexisting ions (K⁺ and Na⁺) and powerful operation pressure, during filtrating a large volume of low-concentrated Tl⁺-containing water. However, the negative effect of coexisting ions on the Tl⁺ uptake could be effectively eliminated in weak alkaline water, and the Tl⁺ removal was increased up to 100% without any pressure driving for PB₂@PDA/PEI-FP membrane. Most importantly, PB₂@PDA/PEI-FP displayed the high-efficiency and high-selectivity in purifying the Tl⁺-spiked Pearl River water, in which the residual Tl⁺ in filtrate was less than 2 μg·L^–1 to meet the drinking water standard of United States Environmental Protection Agency. This work provides a feasible avenue to safeguard the drinking water in remote and underdeveloped area via the energy-free operation.

关键词： membrane adsorption Prussian blue energy-free filtration potable water trace thallium(I)

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Formation of free-charging industry alliance for new energy vehicles

Zhengdong YANG, Feng JIN, Shiyu DU, Jingwen LI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第2期页码 268-275 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018058

摘要： At present, the further development of new energy vehicles industry is hindered by limited consumer’s participation or capital investment. Therefore, a new multilateral model of cross-industry alliance needs to arise. The advanced charging technology of Internet-distributed mobile energy can link up with many market participants closely and form an effective and multilateral win-win cross-industry alliance. This new industry alliance can realize unexpected multiple goals, for example, (1) consumers who have purchased new energy vehicles can avail free charging; (2) potential vehicle buyers can be encouraged to use new energy vehicles; (3) the new energy vehicle manufacturers can expand their production scale; (4) the new energy vehicles sellers (4S shop) can expand their sales volume; (5) large shopping malls can attain more income; (6) financial institutions can absorb more deposits; (7) governments can further promote low-carbon traffic. This article analyzes the cross-industry alliance and its forming mechanism.

关键词： industry alliance mobile energy new energy vehicles free charging low carbon

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Characterization of particle deposition during crossflow filtration as influenced by permeate flux andcrossflow velocity using a microfluidic filtration system

Hongzhan Di, Gregory J. O. Martin, Dave E. Dunstan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期页码 552-561 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1962-5

摘要： Particle deposition during crossflow filtration is significantly influenced by the operating conditions, in particular the permeate flux and crossflow velocity. However, there is a lack of detailed knowledge about how deposit layer structures and distributions depend on operating parameters. This study uses a microfluidic visualisation filtration system to examine the influence of operating conditions on the deposition process during crossflow ultrafiltration from a microscopic perspective. Increasing the permeate flux caused an increasing amount of deposition and a thicker deposit layer. Higher crossflow velocities reduced the extent of deposition. The degree of deposition varied over a range of operating conditions due to the altered hydrodynamic forces exerted on the particles, which can be examined by the deposition probability according to an existing model. Building on this, an empirical correlation between the deposition probability and volume of deposition as function of filtration time was developed, which gave good agreement with experimental results. The effect of solution conditions was also involved in this correlation as a interaction energies. This could be useful for predicting the dynamic deposition process during crossflow filtration over a range of operating and solution conditions.

关键词： particle deposition crossflow filtration microfluidics confocal microscopy

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Solvent-free mechanochemical mild oxidation method to enhance adsorption properties of chitosan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1416-4

摘要：

• Solvent-free chitosan oxidation is obtained by rapid mechanochemical reaction.

关键词： Chitosan High energy ball milling Mechanochemistry Oxidation

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Removal of virus aerosols by the combination of filtration and UV-C irradiation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1627-y

摘要：

● The removal of virus aerosols by filtration and UV-C irradiation was proposed.

关键词： Filtration system UV-C irradiation Virus aerosol Public health COVID-19

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A space power system of free piston Stirling generator based on potassium heat pipe

Mingqiang LIN, Jian MOU, Chunyun CHI, Guotong HONG, Panhe GE, Gu HU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 1-10 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0655-6

摘要： The power system of a free piston Stirling generator (FPSG) based on potassium heat pipes has been developed in this paper. Thanks to the advantages of long life, high reliability, and high overall thermal efficiency, the FPSG is a promising candidate for nuclear energy, especially in space exploration. In this paper, the recent progress of FPSG based on nuclear reactor for space use was briefly reviewed. A novel FPSG weighted only 4.2 kg was designed, and one dimensional thermodynamic modeling of the FPSG using Sage software was performed to estimate its performance. The experiment results indicated that this FPSG could provide 142.4 W at a thermal-to-electric efficiency of nearly 17.4%. Besides, the power system integrated with four FPSGs and potassium heat pipes was performed and the single machine failure test was conducted. The results show that this system could provide an electrical power of 300 W at an overall thermal efficiency of 7.3%. Thus, it is concluded that this power system is feasible and will have a great prospect for future applications.

关键词： free piston Stirling generator (FPSG) potassium heat pipe power system energy conversion

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Enhanced cross-flow filtration with flat-sheet ceramic membranes by titanium-based coagulation for membrane

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1531-x

摘要：

• Ceramic membrane filtration showed high performance for surface water treatment.

关键词： Ceramic membrane Coagulation Polytitanium chloride Membrane fouling

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Revolutionizing heat transport enhancement with liquid metals: Proposal of a new industry of water-free

Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 20-42 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0139-9

摘要： Water is perhaps the most widely adopted working fluid in conventional industrial heat transport engineering. However, it may no longer be the best option today due to the increasing scarcity of water resources. Furthermore, the wide variations in water supply throughout the year and across different geographic regions also makes it harder to easily access. To address this issue, finding new alternatives to replace water-based technologies is imperative. In this paper, the concept of a water-free heat exchanger is proposed and comprehensively analyzed for the first time. The liquid metal with a low melting point is identified as an ideal fluid that can flexibly be used within a wide range of working temperatures. Some liquid metals and their alloys, which have previously received little attention in thermal management areas, are evaluated. With superior thermal conductivity, electromagnetic field drivability, and extremely low power consumption, liquid metal coolants promise many opportunities for revolutionizing modern heat transport processes: serving as heat transport fluid in industries, administrating thermal management in power and energy systems, and innovating enhanced cooling in electronic or optical devices. Furthermore, comparative analyses are conducted to understand the technical barriers encountered by advanced water-based heat transfer strategies and clarify this new frontier in heat-transport study. In addition, the unique merits of liquid metals that could lead to innovative heat exchanger technologies are evaluated comprehensively. A few promising industrial situations, such as heat recovery, chip cooling, thermoelectricity generation, and military applications, where liquid metals could play irreplaceable roles, were outlined. The technical challenges and scientific issues thus raised are summarized. With their evident ability to meet various critical requirements in modern advanced energy and power industries, liquid metal-enabled technologies are expected to usher a new and global era of water-free heat exchangers.

关键词： heat exchanger liquid metal water resource heat transport enhancement coolant thermal management process engineering energy crisis chip cooling

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Membrane fouling control by ultrasound in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor

SUI Pengzhe, WEN Xianghua, HUANG Xia

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 362-367 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0062-9

摘要： In this study, ultrasound was used to control the membrane fouling online in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AMBR). Short-term running experiments were carried out under different operating conditions to explore feasible ultrasonic parameters. The experimental results indicated that when the crossflow velocity was more than 1.0 m/s, membrane fouling could be controlled effectively only by hydrodynamic methods without ultrasound. When ultrasound was applied, an ultrasonic power range of 60–150 W was suitable for the membrane fouling control in the experimental system. The experimental results showed that the membrane fouling was controlled so well that membrane filtration resistance (Σ) could stay at 5 × 10 m for more than a week with the crossflow velocity of 0.75 m/s, which equaled the effect of crossflow velocity of more than 1.0 m/s without ultrasound.

关键词： membrane filtration filtration resistance different feasible ultrasonic anaerobic membrane

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Efficient photoelectrochemical oxidation of rhodamine B on metal electrodes without photocatalyst or supporting electrolyte

Xuejiao Wang, Xiang Feng, Jing Shang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1061-8

摘要：

•The efficient PEC degradation of RhB is realized using no photocatalyst.

•The efficient PEC degradation of RhB features the low salinity.

•The PEC degradation of RhB takes place on the anode and cathode simultaneously.

关键词： Energy relay structure Energy saving Photocatalyst-free and low-salinity degradation Photoelectrochemical cell

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and computational assessment of 1,4-Dioxane degradation in a photo-Fenton reactive ceramic membrane filtration

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1341-y

摘要：

• 1,4-Dioxane was degraded via the photo-Fenton reactive membrane filtration.

关键词： Photo-Fenton Ceramic membrane 1 4-Dioxane Goethite

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面向未来饮用水净化的OSRO技术——基于河岸过滤的一步反渗透技术 Perspective

Yujia Zhai, 刘刚, Walter G.J. van der Meer

《工程（英文）》 2022年第9卷第2期页码 27-34 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.015

摘要：本文介绍了一种由河岸过滤（riverbank filtration, RBF）和反渗透（reverse osmosis, RO）组成的一步反渗透（one-step reverse osmosis, OSRO人工滤池（artificial bank filtration, ABF）与砂滤系统相结合，起到人工补给的作用，是OSRO概念中RBF的替代方案，用于从当地可用资源中供应饮用水。

关键词：饮用水处理河岸过滤反渗透人工滤池水资源回收和再利用

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Cell-free systems in the new age of synthetic biology

Fernando Villarreal,Cheemeng Tan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期页码 58-65 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1610-x

摘要： The advent of synthetic biology has ushered in new applications of cell-free transcription-translation systems. These cell-free systems are reconstituted using cellular proteins, and are amenable to modular control of their composition. Here, we discuss the historical advancement of cell-free systems, as well as their new applications in the rapid design of synthetic genetic circuits and components, directed evolution of biomolecules, diagnosis of infectious diseases, and synthesis of vaccines. Finally, we present our vision on the future direction of cell-free synthetic biology.

关键词： cell-free system application

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长纤维高速过滤器的深层过滤过程与特性

王世和,周飞,鄢璐

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第2期页码 43-47

摘要：

以自行开发的长纤维高速过滤器为对象，通过在净水厂长期的过滤试验，从过滤器床层孔隙分布、床层内滤液浓度及各层比积泥量和水头损失沿滤层的变化等方面，详细分析了长纤维高速过滤器基于结构上独特特点而形成的积泥逐层向滤床深处推移，直至整个滤床“衰竭”的典型深层过滤过程与特征，为过滤技术的深度开发提供了依据。

关键词：长纤维高速过滤器深层过滤过程机理

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Microstructure investigation of dynamic recrystallization in hard machining: From thermodynamic irreversibility perspective

Binxun LI, Xinzhi ZHANG, Song ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第2期页码 315-330 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0612-4

摘要： The drastically changed thermal, mechanical, and chemical energies within the machined surface layer during hard machining tend to initiate microstructural alteration. In this paper, attention is paid to the introduction of thermodynamic potential to unravel the mechanism of microstructure evolution. First, the thermodynamic potential-based model expressed by the Helmholtz free energy was proposed for predicting the microstructure changes of serrated chip and the machined surface layer. Second, the proposed model was implemented into a validated finite element simulation model for cutting operation as a user-defined subroutine. In addition, the predicted irreversible thermodynamic state change in the deformation zones associated with grain size, which was reduced to less than 1 m from the initial size of 1.5 m on the machined surface, was provided for an in-depth explanation. The good consistency between the simulated results and experimental data validated the efficacy of the developed model. This research helps to provide further insight into the microstructure alteration during metal cutting.

关键词： thermodynamic irreversibility Helmholtz free energy microstructure evolution dynamic recrystallization hard milling

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标题作者时间类型操作

The energy-free purification of trace thallium(I)-contaminated potable water using a high-selective filter

期刊论文

Formation of free-charging industry alliance for new energy vehicles

Zhengdong YANG, Feng JIN, Shiyu DU, Jingwen LI

期刊论文

Characterization of particle deposition during crossflow filtration as influenced by permeate flux andcrossflow velocity using a microfluidic filtration system

Hongzhan Di, Gregory J. O. Martin, Dave E. Dunstan

期刊论文

Solvent-free mechanochemical mild oxidation method to enhance adsorption properties of chitosan

期刊论文

Removal of virus aerosols by the combination of filtration and UV-C irradiation

期刊论文

A space power system of free piston Stirling generator based on potassium heat pipe

Mingqiang LIN, Jian MOU, Chunyun CHI, Guotong HONG, Panhe GE, Gu HU

期刊论文

Enhanced cross-flow filtration with flat-sheet ceramic membranes by titanium-based coagulation for membrane

期刊论文

Revolutionizing heat transport enhancement with liquid metals: Proposal of a new industry of water-free